For a smart material to be able to send out a more complex signal it needs to be nonlinear.  If you hit a tuning fork twice as hard it will ring twice as loud but still at the same frequency.  That's a linear response.  If you hit a person twice as hard they're unlikely just to shout twice as loud.  That property lets you learn more about the person than the tuning fork.  	- When Things Start to Think, 1999.
 — Neil Gershenfeld
  Computer / technology / science