In my opinion, one incident of abuse is justification for removing a child, and then they can try to reunify the child with the parent, but they must do it very carefully and with strict supervision.

What we have here is plain abuse, no doubt about it. There is no justification,

How many times do we let parents have second and third or fourth chances?.

An explanation of cause is not a justification by reason.

An explanation of cause is not a justification by reason.

To hold traumatic reality in consciousness requires a social context that affirms and protects the victim and that joins the victim and witness in a common alliance. For the individual victim, this social context is created by relationships with friends, lovers, and family. For the larger society, the social context is created by political movements that give voice to the disempowered.