In no instance have . . . the churches been guardians of the liberties of the people.

A well-instructed people alone can be permanently a free people

There are no atheists in foxholes" isn't an argument against atheism, it's an argument against foxholes

A well-instructed people alone can be permanently a free people.

[Some people might say,] Aha! They forgot about the Constitution's general welfare clause! ... With respect to the two words 'general welfare,' I have always regarded them as qualified by the detail of powers connected with them. To take them in a literal and unlimited sense would be a metamorphosis of the Constitution into a character which there is a host of proofs was not contemplated by its creators.

The number, the industry, and the morality of the priesthood, and the devotion of the people have been manifestly increased by the total separation of the church from the state