On certain, delicate subjects, bringing in outsiders to talk about values is pertinent because pupils listen to them more attentively.

We have to reappropriate the concept of laicite (secularism) so we can explain to our young pupils that whatever their faith, they belong to this idea, and they're not excluded. Secularism is not something against them; it protects them.

If a big number of young pupils felt secularism was an attack on them, it was because the term had been misused and deformed in the public debate for years by the extreme-right and the right as an attack on Islam. The term had often been misused to point out how Muslims were different to others, and that is clearly problematic.

It is not just family that must transmit values, but school also.

How can a child adhere to school and the notion of secularism when they see their mother rejected from a school outing, stigmatized, left on the sidelines, just because she has a scarf on her head?

I feel totally French - I don't feel half-French because of my dual nationality. For me, dual nationality just means I don't deny my roots.