Our work shows that cities with more diversity -- more immigrants -- in the work force exhibit higher productivity for the American-born employees.

Assuring there is adequate housing for the work force is an economic issue. You cannot have jobs and economic diversity unless you have housing.

Foreign-born workers do not substitute perfectly for, and therefore do not compete with, most native-born workers. Rather, the complementary nature of the skills, occupations, and abilities of foreign-born workers increases the productivity of natives, stimulates investment, and enhances the choices available to consumers.

The consensus view is that immigration has a negative impact on the real wages of native workers. We have shown that the effects of immigration on the average wages of (U.S.) natives indeed turn positive and large.

As a consequence, they do not harm wages in law, education and the social sciences, where most native-born Americans thrive. Foreign-born engineers and scientists have particularly been interested in working in the U.S. In contrast, U.S.-born employees with doctorates are more likely to specialize in law, education and the social sciences.

The U.S. is still able to attract very talented immigrants from across the world.