Active cigarette smoking is established by us -- and, really, almost everyone -- as being the single largest risk factor for hardening of the arteries.

Smoking appears to confer a modest elevation in breast cancer risk, ... Certainly this relationship is not as strong as the relationship between smoking and lung cancer or smoking and heart disease, but breast cancer may be another disease to add to the long list of diseases associated with smoking.

There was no significant difference in risk between men who quit smoking and those who continued to smoke.

If you don't eliminate the bias caused by smoking, it will artificially inflate the risk of dying among the lean and underestimate the risk of dying in the overweight,

The real risk factors are things like diet, smoking, obesity and high blood pressure. Hormone replacement therapy is a teeny-tiny risk. It makes no sense for someone who weighs 250 pounds and smokes to say she doesn't want to take HRT because it will give her a heart attack.

The literature has suggested that marijuana smoking increases the risk of head and neck cancer and lung malignancies, and that these tumors tend to develop earlier and behave more aggressively in marijuana smokers.